实例教程 HTML5 Canvas 超炫酷烟花绽放动画实现代码

网页制作 2024/11/13 佚名

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　　这是一个很酷的HTML5 Canvas动画，它将模拟的是我们现实生活中烟花绽放的动画特效，效果非常逼真，但是毕竟是电脑模拟，带女朋友看就算了，效果还是差了点，呵呵。这个HTML5 Canvas动画有一点比较出色，就是其性能，Chrome上基本没有卡的感觉，就算你放出很多烟花也一样。

　　下面我们来简单分析一下实现这款HTML5烟花特效的过程及代码，主要由HTML代码、CSS代码以及Javascript代码组成，当然javascript代码是最重要的。

　　HTML代码：

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<div id=”gui”></div>
<div id=”canvas-container”> <div id=”mountains2″></div>
<div id=”mountains1″></div><div id=”skyline”></div> </div>

　　HTML的结构非常简单，即构造了一个canvas容器，我们会利用JS在这个容器中生成一个Canvas对象。看最后的JS代码你就会知道了。

　　CSS代码：

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#canvas-container { background: #000 url(bg.jpg); height: 400px; left: 50%; margin: -200px 0 0 -300px; position: absolute; top: 50%; width: 600px; z-index: 2;
} canvas { cursor: crosshair; display: block; position: relative; z-index: 3;
} canvas:active { cursor: crosshair;
} #skyline { background: url(skyline.png) repeat-x 50% 0; bottombottom: 0; height: 135px; left: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; z-index: 1;
} #mountains1 { background: url(mountains1.png) repeat-x 40% 0; bottombottom: 0; height: 200px; left: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; z-index: 1;
} #mountains2 { background: url(mountains2.png) repeat-x 30% 0; bottombottom: 0; height: 250px; left: 0; position: absolute; width: 100%; z-index: 1;
} #gui { rightright: 0; position: fixed; top: 0; z-index: 3;
}

　　CSS代码没什么特别，主要也就定义一下背景色和边框之类的。

　　接下来是最重要的Javascript代码。

　　Javascript代码：

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self.init = function(){
self.dt = 0;
self.oldTime = Date.now();
self.canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
self.canvasContainer = $('#canvas-container'); var canvasContainerDisabled = document.getElementById('canvas-container');
self.canvas.onselectstart = function() { return false;
};
self.canvas.width = self.cw = 600;
self.canvas.height = self.ch = 400;
self.particles = [];
self.partCount = 30;
self.fireworks = [];
self.mx = self.cw/2;
self.my = self.ch/2;
self.currentHue = 170;
self.partSpeed = 5;
self.partSpeedVariance = 10;
self.partWind = 50;
self.partFriction = 5;
self.partGravity = 1;
self.hueMin = 150;
self.hueMax = 200;
self.fworkSpeed = 2;
self.fworkAccel = 4;
self.hueVariance = 30;
self.flickerDensity = 20;
self.showShockwave = false;
self.showTarget = true;
self.clearAlpha = 25;
self.canvasContainer.append(self.canvas);
self.ctx = self.canvas.getContext('2d');
self.ctx.lineCap = 'round';
self.ctx.lineJoin = 'round';
self.lineWidth = 1;
self.bindEvents();
self.canvasLoop();
self.canvas.onselectstart = function() { return false;
};
};

　　这段JS代码主要是往canvas容器中构造一个Canvas对象，并且对这个canvas对象的外观以及动画属性作了初始化。

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var Particle = function(x, y, hue){ this.x = x; this.y = y; this.coordLast = [
{x: x, y: y},
{x: x, y: y},
{x: x, y: y}
]; this.angle = rand(0, 360); this.speed = rand(((self.partSpeed - self.partSpeedVariance) <= 0) ? 1 : self.partSpeed - self.partSpeedVariance, (self.partSpeed + self.partSpeedVariance)); this.friction = 1 - self.partFriction/100; this.gravity = self.partGravity/2; this.hue = rand(hue-self.hueVariance, hue+self.hueVariance); this.brightness = rand(50, 80); this.alpha = rand(40,100)/100; this.decay = rand(10, 50)/1000; this.wind = (rand(0, self.partWind) - (self.partWind/2))/25; this.lineWidth = self.lineWidth;
};
Particle.prototype.update = function(index){ var radians = this.angle * Math.PI / 180; var vx = Math.cos(radians) * this.speed; var vy = Math.sin(radians) * this.speed + this.gravity; this.speed *= this.friction; this.coordLast[2].x = this.coordLast[1].x; this.coordLast[2].y = this.coordLast[1].y; this.coordLast[1].x = this.coordLast[0].x; this.coordLast[1].y = this.coordLast[0].y; this.coordLast[0].x = this.x; this.coordLast[0].y = this.y; this.x += vx * self.dt; this.y += vy * self.dt; this.angle += this.wind; this.alpha -= this.decay; if(!hitTest(0,0,self.cw,self.ch,this.x-this.radius, this.y-this.radius, this.radius*2, this.radius*2) || this.alpha < .05){
self.particles.splice(index, 1);
}
};
Particle.prototype.draw = function(){ var coordRand = (rand(1,3)-1);
self.ctx.beginPath();
self.ctx.moveTo(Math.round(this.coordLast[coordRand].x), Math.round(this.coordLast[coordRand].y));
self.ctx.lineTo(Math.round(this.x), Math.round(this.y));
self.ctx.closePath();
self.ctx.strokeStyle = 'hsla('+this.hue+', 100%, '+this.brightness+'%, '+this.alpha+')';
self.ctx.stroke(); if(self.flickerDensity > 0){ var inverseDensity = 50 - self.flickerDensity; if(rand(0, inverseDensity) === inverseDensity){
self.ctx.beginPath();
self.ctx.arc(Math.round(this.x), Math.round(this.y), rand(this.lineWidth,this.lineWidth+3)/2, 0, Math.PI*2, false) self.ctx.closePath(); var randAlpha = rand(50,100)/100;
self.ctx.fillStyle = 'hsla('+this.hue+', 100%, '+this.brightness+'%, '+randAlpha+')';
self.ctx.fill();
}
}
};

　　这段JS代码的功能是实现烟花爆炸后的小颗粒的绘制，从draw方法中可以看出，创建几个随机点，烟花颗粒即可在这个范围的随机点中散落。

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var Firework = function(startX, startY, targetX, targetY){ this.x = startX; this.y = startY; this.startX = startX; this.startY = startY; this.hitX = false; this.hitY = false; this.coordLast = [
{x: startX, y: startY},
{x: startX, y: startY},
{x: startX, y: startY}
]; this.targetX = targetX; this.targetY = targetY; this.speed = self.fworkSpeed; this.angle = Math.atan2(targetY - startY, targetX - startX); this.shockwaveAngle = Math.atan2(targetY - startY, targetX - startX)+(90*(Math.PI/180)); this.acceleration = self.fworkAccel/100; this.hue = self.currentHue; this.brightness = rand(50, 80); this.alpha = rand(50,100)/100; this.lineWidth = self.lineWidth; this.targetRadius = 1;
};
Firework.prototype.update = function(index){
self.ctx.lineWidth = this.lineWidth;
vx = Math.cos(this.angle) * this.speed,
vy = Math.sin(this.angle) * this.speed; this.speed *= 1 + this.acceleration; this.coordLast[2].x = this.coordLast[1].x; this.coordLast[2].y = this.coordLast[1].y; this.coordLast[1].x = this.coordLast[0].x; this.coordLast[1].y = this.coordLast[0].y; this.coordLast[0].x = this.x; this.coordLast[0].y = this.y; if(self.showTarget){ if(this.targetRadius < 8){ this.targetRadius += .25 * self.dt;
} else { this.targetRadius = 1 * self.dt;
}
} if(this.startX >= this.targetX){ if(this.x + vx <= this.targetX){ this.x = this.targetX; this.hitX = true;
} else { this.x += vx * self.dt;
}
} else { if(this.x + vx >= this.targetX){ this.x = this.targetX; this.hitX = true;
} else { this.x += vx * self.dt;
}
} if(this.startY >= this.targetY){ if(this.y + vy <= this.targetY){ this.y = this.targetY; this.hitY = true;
} else { this.y += vy * self.dt;
}
} else { if(this.y + vy >= this.targetY){ this.y = this.targetY; this.hitY = true;
} else { this.y += vy * self.dt;
}
} if(this.hitX && this.hitY){ var randExplosion = rand(0, 9);
self.createParticles(this.targetX, this.targetY, this.hue);
self.fireworks.splice(index, 1);
}
};
Firework.prototype.draw = function(){
self.ctx.lineWidth = this.lineWidth; var coordRand = (rand(1,3)-1);
self.ctx.beginPath();
self.ctx.moveTo(Math.round(this.coordLast[coordRand].x), Math.round(this.coordLast[coordRand].y));
self.ctx.lineTo(Math.round(this.x), Math.round(this.y));
self.ctx.closePath();
self.ctx.strokeStyle = 'hsla('+this.hue+', 100%, '+this.brightness+'%, '+this.alpha+')';
self.ctx.stroke(); if(self.showTarget){
self.ctx.save();
self.ctx.beginPath();
self.ctx.arc(Math.round(this.targetX), Math.round(this.targetY), this.targetRadius, 0, Math.PI*2, false)
self.ctx.closePath();
self.ctx.lineWidth = 1;
self.ctx.stroke();
self.ctx.restore();
} if(self.showShockwave){
self.ctx.save();
self.ctx.translate(Math.round(this.x), Math.round(this.y));
self.ctx.rotate(this.shockwaveAngle);
self.ctx.beginPath();
self.ctx.arc(0, 0, 1*(this.speed/5), 0, Math.PI, true);
self.ctx.strokeStyle = 'hsla('+this.hue+', 100%, '+this.brightness+'%, '+rand(25, 60)/100+')';
self.ctx.lineWidth = this.lineWidth;
self.ctx.stroke();
self.ctx.restore();
}
};