RedHatLinux AS3中APACHE+SendMail+OpenWebMail整合

注：
1.      Openwebmail是一个webmail程序，不同与微软的owa及imail的web方式，它不包含服务器端服务(本例中邮件服务器为sendmail);因此在运行Openwebmail的机器上需要安装Apache和Sendmail.
2.      Openwebmail多数程序是由Perl语句编写的，所以必须安装Perl及Perl相关包
3．下载所需软件包：在RedHatLinux AS3中安装openwebmail需要以下软件包  
1.  perl-CGI-2.81-88.4.i386.rpm
http://www.openwebmail.com/openwebmail/download/redhat/rpm/packages/rhel3/perl-CGI-2.81-88.4.i386.rpm
2.
perl-Compress-Zlib-1.21-RH9.i386.rpm
http://www.openwebmail.com/openwebmail/download/redhat/rpm/packages/rhel3/perl-Compress-Zlib-1.21-RH9.i386.rpm
3.
perl-Text-Iconv-1.2-RH80.i386.rpm
http://www.openwebmail.com/openwebmail/download/redhat/rpm/packages/rhel3/perl-Text-Iconv-1.2-RH80.i386.rpm
4.
perl-suidperl-5.8.0-88.i386.rpm
http://www.openwebmail.com/openwebmail/download/redhat/rpm/packages/rhel3/perl-suidperl-5.8.0-88.i386.rpm
5. 
openwebmail-2.41-20041126.i386.rpm
http://www.openwebmail.com/openwebmail/download/redhat/rpm/daily-build/openwebmail-2.41-20041126.i386.rpm
下面就开始安装配置：
Step 1:安装下载包
[root@AS3 software]#rpm –ivh
perl-CGI-2.81-88.4.i386.rpm
[root@AS3 software]#rpm –ivh
perl-Compress-Zlib-1.21-RH9.i386.rpm
[root@AS3 software]#rpm –ivh
perl-Text-Iconv-1.2-RH80.i386.rpm
[root@AS3 software]#rpm –ivh
perl-suidperl-5.8.0-88.i386.rpm
Step 2:初始化openwebmail
[root@AS3 software]#cd /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail
[root@AS3 openwebmail]# ls -l
total 1192
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 14:44 auth
drwxr-xr-x   12 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 21:17 etc
drwxr-xr-x    6 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 14:44 misc
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 14:44 modules
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail       260341 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-abook.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        23817 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-advsearch.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail       114322 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-cal.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        23855 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-folder.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        68418 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-main.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        34984 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail       139830 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-prefs.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        66851 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-read.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail       110724 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-send.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        24813 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-spell.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        52749 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-tool.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        48796 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-vdomain.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail        18457 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-viewatt.pl
-rwsr-xr-x    1 root     mail       112975 Nov 26 12:16 openwebmail-webdisk.pl
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     mail         4859 Aug 12 13:06 preload.pl
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 14:44 quota
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     mail         4096 Nov 27 14:44 shares
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     mail         4117 Sep  4 15:04 userstat.pl
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     mail        19305 Nov 16 22:42 vacation.pl
[root@AS3 openwebmail]#./openwebmail-tool.pl --init //这步骤很关键会出现如下的提示：change the following 3 options in openwebmail.conf              from                      dbm_ext           .db                       dbmopen_ext       none                       dbmopen_haslock   no        to                       dbm_ext           .db                       dbmopen_ext       %dbm_ext%                       dbmopen_haslock   no安回车键忽略提示，继续配置//进入openwebmail下面的etc目录进行相关配置，需要修改以下
1./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail /etc/openwebmail.conf
2./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/defaults/openwebmail.conf
3./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/defaults/dbm.conf
修改后的文件为
1./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/openwebmail.conf[只需修改1处domainnames  supermaster.com //默认是auto]，完整的内容如下：
#
# Open WebMail configuration file
#
# This file contains just the overrides from defaults/openwebmail.conf
# please make all changes to this file.
#
# This file sets options for all domains and all users.
# To set options on per domain basis, please put them in sites.conf/domainname
# To set options on per user basis, please put them in users.conf/username
#
releasedate                     20041126
domainnames                     supermaster.com //默认是auto
auth_module                     auth_unix.pl
mailspooldir                    /var/spool/mail
ow_cgidir                       /var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail
ow_cgiurl                       /cgi-bin/openwebmail
ow_htmldir                      /var/www/data/openwebmail
ow_htmlurl                      /data/openwebmail
logfile                         /var/log/openwebmail.log
# To SysAdmin,
# Please install ClamAV RPM package from http://clamav.net/ in order to
# enable viruscheck with Open WebMail. Otherwise set it to no.
# See http://openwebmail.org/openwebma ... howto/virus/ClamAV/
# for a step-by-step instruction.
enable_viruscheck               yes
viruscheck_pipe                 /usr/bin/clamdscan --mbox --disable-summary --stdout -
viruscheck_source_allowed       all
enable_spamcheck                no
enable_learnspam                no
%name%
version %version%
%help_text%?
logo_url                        %ow_htmlurl%/images/openwebmail.gif
logo_link                       http://openwebmail.org
help_url                        @@@HELP_URL@@@
help_text                       @@@HELP_TEXT@@@
spellcheck                      /usr/bin/aspell -a -S -w "-" -d @@@DICTIONARY@@@ -p @@@PDICNAME@@@
spellcheck_pdicname             .aspell.@@@DICTIONARY@@@.pws
spellcheck_dictionaries         english, american
auto_createrc                   yes
############################################
# Buttons :
# EditFroms | EditStationary | POP3Setup | ChangePassword | History | Info
enable_editfrombook            yes
enable_stationery              yes
enable_pop3                    yes
enable_changepwd               yes
enable_history                 yes
enable_about                   yes
##############################################
# Personal Information
default_language                en
default_timeoffset              auto
default_daylightsaving          auto
default_realname                auto
default_fromemails              auto
default_autoreplysubject        This is an autoreply...[Re: $SUBJECT]
Hello,
I will not be reading my mail for a while.
Your mail regarding '$SUBJECT' will be read when I return.
--
Open WebMail Project (http://openwebmail.org)

##############################################
# Display Preference
default_style                   Default
default_iconset         Cool3D.English
default_bgurl                   %ow_htmlurl%/images/backgrounds/Globe.gif
default_bgrepeat                yes
default_fontsize                10pt
default_dateformat              mm/dd/yyyy
default_hourformat              12
############################################
# Folder Browsing
default_ctrlposition_folderview   bottom
default_msgsperpage               20
default_fieldorder                date from subject size
default_sort                      date
default_useminisearchicon         yes
############################################
# Message Operation
default_confirmmsgmovecopy        no
default_defaultdestination        saved-messages
default_smartdestination          yes
default_viewnextaftermsgmovecopy  yes
default_autopop3                  yes
default_autopop3wait              0
default_bgfilterwait              10
default_moveoldmsgfrominbox       no
############################################
# Message Reading Options
default_ctrlposition_msgread      bottom
default_headers                   simple
default_usefixedfont              no
default_usesmileicon              no
default_showhtmlastext            yes
default_showimgaslink             yes
default_disablejs                 yes
default_disableembcode            yes
default_disableemblink            cgionly
default_sendreceipt               ask
############################################
# Message Replying Options
default_msgformat                 text
default_editcolumns               88
default_editrows                  28
default_sendbuttonposition        before
default_reparagraphorigmsg        yes
default_replywithorigmsg          at_beginning
default_backupsentmsg             yes
default_sendcharset               sameascomposing
############################################
# Virus Check
default_viruscheck_source         all
default_viruscheck_maxsize        10000
default_viruscheck_minbodysize    1
############################################
# Message Filtering Options
default_filter_repeatlimit          10
default_filter_badaddrformat        no
default_filter_fakedsmtp            no
default_filter_fakedfrom            no
default_filter_fakedexecontenttype  no
############################################
# AddressBook Options
default_abook_width                600
default_abook_height               max
default_abook_buttonposition       after
default_abook_defaultfilter        no
default_abook_defaultsearchtype    name
default_abook_addrperpage          24
default_abook_collapse             1
default_abook_sort                 fullname
default_abook_listviewfieldorder   fullname, email, note
############################################
# Calendar Options
default_calendar_defaultview        calmonth
default_calendar_holidaydef         auto
default_calendar_monthviewnumitems  5
default_calendar_weekstart          0
default_calendar_starthour          0600         
default_calendar_endhour            2300
default_calendar_interval           30
default_calendar_showemptyhours     yes
default_calendar_reminderdays       7
default_calendar_reminderforglobal  yes
############################################
# WebDisk Options
default_webdisk_dirnumitems        10
default_webdisk_confirmmovecopy    yes
default_webdisk_confirmdel         yes
default_webdisk_confirmcompress    yes
default_webdisk_fileeditcolumns    96
default_webdisk_fileeditrows       24
############################################
# Misc Options
default_uselightbar                yes
default_regexmatch                 yes
default_hideinternal               yes
default_newmailsound               NONE
default_newmailwindowtime          3
default_mailsentwindowtime         0
default_dictionary                 english
default_trashreserveddays          0
default_spamvirusreserveddays      3
default_refreshinterval            5
default_sessiontimeout             24
############################################
# Security Settings
webdisk_rootpath                  /webdisk
webdisk_lsmailfolder              no
webdisk_lshidden                  no
webdisk_lsunixspec                no
webdisk_lssymlink                 yes
webdisk_allow_symlinkout          yes
webdisk_symlinkout_display        @
enable_sshterm                    no
# ps: To completely disable the SSH terminal support, you have to remove
# the file data/openwebmail/applet/mindterm/mindtermfull.jar
############################################
# Quota System (limit in KB and threshold in %)
#            1 MB =     1,024 KB
#           10 MB =    10,240 KB
#          100 MB =   102,400 KB
# 1 GB = 1,024 MB = 1,048,576 KB
# uncomment following lines if you wish to enable Quota System for 10 Mb
#quota_module            quota_du.pl
#spool_limit             10240
#quota_limit             10240
#quota_threshold         0
#delmail_ifquotahit      no
#delfile_ifquotahit      no
2./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/defaults/openwebmail.conf [只需修改2处，把smtpserver和authpop3_server改为相应的IP]，完整的内容如下：
#
# Open WebMail configuration file DEFAULT
#
# This is openwebmail.conf.default - a file full of useful variables that
# you can set for the openwebmail system. You should not edit this file!
# Put any overrides into openwebmail.conf instead. The openwebmail.conf
# should only contain values which override values set in this file.
# This eases the upgrade when defaults are changed or new features are added.
#
# Please refer to openwebmail.conf.help for description of each option
#
# ps: This file will be loaded only once if Open WebMail is running in
#     persistent mode. To force Open WebMail reread this file, please do
#
#     touch openwebmail*pl
#
name                           Open WebMail
version                        2.41
releasedate               20041126
##############################################################################
# host dependent configuration
##############################################################################
domainnames          auto
smtpserver                 192.168.0.111
smtpport            25
smtpauth           no
virtusertable               /etc/mail/virtusertable
auth_module             auth_unix.pl
auth_withdomain               no
auth_domain             auto
quota_module           none
mailspooldir                        /var/mail
use_hashedmailspools            no
use_syshomedir                         yes
create_syshomedir           no
use_homedirspools                   no
homedirspoolname          Mailbox
homedirfolderdirname               mail
homedirdotdirname          .openwebmail
use_syshomedir_for_dotdir     yes
deliver_use_GMT               no
##############################################################################
# openwebmail system configuration
##############################################################################
ow_cgidir          /usr/local/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail
ow_cgiurl          /cgi-bin/openwebmail
ow_htmldir                 /usr/local/www/data/openwebmail
ow_htmlurl                 /openwebmail
ow_etcdir          %ow_cgidir%/etc
ow_stylesdir              %ow_etcdir%/styles
ow_langdir                 %ow_etcdir%/lang
ow_templatesdir                %ow_etcdir%/templates
ow_holidaysdir                   %ow_etcdir%/holidays
ow_mapsdir              %ow_etcdir%/maps
ow_sitesconfdir                  %ow_etcdir%/sites.conf
ow_usersconfdir                %ow_etcdir%/users.conf
ow_usersdir              %ow_etcdir%/users
ow_sessionsdir                 %ow_etcdir%/sessions
start_url             %ow_cgiurl%/openwebmail.pl
ico_url                         %ow_htmlurl%/images/openwebmail.ico
logo_url             %ow_htmlurl%/images/openwebmail.gif
logo_link           http://openwebmail.org/
help_url             @@@HELP_URL@@@
help_text            @@@HELP_TEXT@@@
logfile                          /var/log/openwebmail.log
global_addressbook         %ow_etcdir%/address.book
global_filterbook       %ow_etcdir%/filter.book
global_calendarbook        %ow_etcdir%/calendar.book
g2b_map                    %ow_mapsdir%/g2b.map
b2g_map                    %ow_mapsdir%/b2g.map
lunar_map                 %ow_mapsdir%/lunar.map
header_pluginfile                        none
header_pluginfile_charset                 none
footer_pluginfile                           none
footer_pluginfile_charset           none
webmail_middle_pluginfile                none
webmail_middle_pluginfile_charset         none
spellcheck                  /usr/local/bin/ispell -a -S -w "-" -d @@@DICTIONARY@@@ -p @@@PDICNAME@@@
spellcheck_pdicname      .ispell_words
spellcheck_dictionaries   english, american
vacationinit                 %ow_cgidir%/vacation.pl -i
vacationpipe              %ow_cgidir%/vacation.pl -t60s

error_with_debuginfo        no
allowed_serverdomain     all
allowed_clientdomain      all
allowed_clientip        all
allowed_receiverdomain  all
allowed_autologinip          all
allowed_rootloginip none
case_insensitive_login    no
forced_ssl_login       no
stay_ssl_afterlogin   yes
enable_domainselectmenu no
domainselmenu_list         auto
enable_strictvirtuser          no
enable_changepwd yes
enable_strictpwd     yes
passwd_minlen                 6
session_multilogin  yes
session_checkcookie       yes
session_checksameip     no
session_count_display    yes
cache_userinfo                  yes
auto_createrc            no
domainnames_override   no
symboliclink_mbox  yes
enable_webmail                yes
enable_userfolders yes
enable_spellcheck   yes
enable_advsearch   yes
enable_addressbook       yes
enable_calendar                yes
enable_webdisk                yes
enable_sshterm                yes
enable_vdomain                no
enable_preference            yes
enable_history                    yes
enable_about                     yes
about_info_software                   yes
about_info_scriptfilename        no
about_info_protocol          yes
about_info_server              yes
about_info_client               yes
X-Mailer: %name% %version% %releasedate%
X-OriginatingIP: @@@CLIENTIP@@@ (@@@USERID@@@)
enable_loadfrombook                yes
enable_editfrombook                 yes
frombook_for_realname_only  no
enable_autoreply               yes
enable_setforward            yes
enable_strictforward                   no
enable_stationery              yes
enable_savedraft               yes
enable_backupsent          yes
enable_globalfilter             yes
enable_userfilter                yes
enable_smartfilter             yes
smartfilter_bypass_goodmessage  yes
log_filter_detail                   no
enable_viruscheck            no
viruscheck_pipe                          /usr/local/bin/clamdscan --disable-summary --stdout -
viruscheck_source_allowed     pop3
viruscheck_maxsize_allowed   50000
virus_destination               virus-mail
has_virusfolder_by_default       yes
enable_spamcheck          no
spamcheck_pipe                        /usr/local/bin/spamc -c -x -t60 -u @@@USERNAME@@@
spamcheck_source_allowed   pop3
spamcheck_maxsize_allowed 1000
spam_destination             spam-mail
has_spamfolder_by_default     yes
enable_learnspam  no
learnspam_pipe                /usr/local/bin/sa-learn --spam
learnham_pipe                   /usr/local/bin/sa-learn --ham
learnspam_destination    spam-mail
learnham_destination      INBOX
enable_pop3             yes
pop3_disallowed_servers        your_server, your_server.domain
pop3_delmail_by_default          yes
pop3_delmail_hidden      no
pop3_usessl_by_default no
authpop3_server                192.168.0.111
authpop3_port           110
authpop3_getmail    no
authpop3_delmail    yes
authpop3_usessl              no
loginerrordelay                   10
fetchpop3interval                15
calendar_email_notifyinterval   120
enable_strictfoldername  no
foldername_maxlen 32
maxbooksize             32
attlimit                50000
abook_maxsizeallbooks  100
abook_globaleditable       yes
abook_importlimit    250
abook_attlimit            25
webdisk_rootpath     /
webdisk_readonly    no
webdisk_uploadlimit         50000
webdisk_lsmailfolder       yes
webdisk_lshidden    yes
webdisk_lsunixspec         yes
webdisk_lssymlink  yes
webdisk_allow_symlinkcreate yes
webdisk_allow_symlinkout       yes
webdisk_symlinkout_display   path
webdisk_allow_thumbnail        yes
webdisk_allow_untar        yes
webdisk_allow_unzip       yes
webdisk_allow_unrar       yes
webdisk_allow_unarj        yes
webdisk_allow_unlzh       yes
spool_limit                 0
quota_limit                 0
quota_threshold                 75
delmail_ifquotahit     no
delfile_ifquotahit       no
vdomain_admlist                        sysadm
vdomain_maxuser                      100
vdomain_maxalias            100
vdomain_vmpop3_pwdpath               /etc/virtual
vdomain_vmpop3_pwdname            passwd
vdomain_vmpop3_mailpath              /var/spool/virtual
vdomain_postfix_aliases          /etc/postfix/aliases
vdomain_postfix_virtual             /etc/postfix/virtual
vdomain_postfix_postalias       /usr/sbin/postalias
vdomain_postfix_postmap                 /usr/sbin/postmap
vdomain_mailbox_command            none
localusers                           none

%name%
version %version%
%help_text%?
##############################################################################
# default setting for new user's preference
##############################################################################
default_language               auto
default_charset                            auto
default_timeoffset              auto
default_daylightsaving               auto
default_realname              auto
default_fromemails           auto
default_autoreplysubject  This is an autoreply...[Re: $SUBJECT]
Hello,
I will not be reading my mail for a while.
Your mail regarding '$SUBJECT' will be read when I return.
--
Open WebMail Project (http://openwebmail.org)
default_style                        Default
default_iconset                            Default
default_bgurl                       %ow_htmlurl%/images/backgrounds/Globe.gif
default_bgrepeat                yes
default_fontsize                  10pt
default_dateformat            mm/dd/yyyy
default_hourformat            12
default_ctrlposition_folderview top
default_msgsperpage               10
default_fieldorder               date from subject size
default_sort                         date          
default_useminisearchicon      yes
default_confirmmsgmovecopy yes
default_defaultdestination         saved-messages
default_smartdestination yes
default_viewnextaftermsgmovecopy yes
default_autopop3               yes
default_autopop3wait                 0
default_bgfilterwait            10
default_moveoldmsgfrominbox         no
forced_moveoldmsgfrominbox          no
default_ctrlposition_msgread  top
default_headers                          simple
default_showhtmlastext             no
default_showimgaslink             no
default_usefixedfont          no
default_usesmileicon                yes
default_disablejs               yes
default_disableembcode          yes
default_disableemblink             cgionly
default_sendreceipt          ask
default_msgformat            auto
default_editcolumns                   78
default_editrows                24
default_sendbuttonposition      before
default_reparagraphorigmsg   yes
default_replywithorigmsg at_beginning
default_backupsentmsg            yes  
default_sendcharset                  sameascomposing
default_fscharset               none
default_uselightbar           yes
default_regexmatch           yes
default_hideinternal          yes
default_refreshinterval               20
min_refreshinterval           3
default_newmailsound              YouGotMail.English.wav
default_newmailwindowtime    7
default_mailsentwindowtime   5
default_dictionary               english
default_trashreserveddays       7
default_spamvirusreserveddays       3
default_sessiontimeout             60
default_viruscheck_source       pop3
default_viruscheck_maxsize     10000
default_viruscheck_minbodysize      1
default_spamcheck_source     pop3
default_spamcheck_maxsize   250
default_spamcheck_threshold          10
default_filter_repeatlimit   10
default_filter_badaddrformat    no
default_filter_fakedsmtp   no
default_filter_fakedfrom    no
default_filter_fakedexecontenttype    no
default_abook_width                  600
default_abook_height                400
default_abook_buttonposition  after
default_abook_defaultfilter        no
default_abook_defaultsearchtype     none
default_abook_defaultkeyword          none
default_abook_addrperpage    10
default_abook_collapse            1
default_abook_sort                     fullname
default_abook_listviewfieldorder      fullname,email,phone,note
default_calendar_defaultview            calmonth
default_calendar_holidaydef              auto
default_calendar_monthviewnumitems   5
default_calendar_weekstart               0
default_calendar_starthour                0800
default_calendar_endhour                 1700
default_calendar_interval          30
default_calendar_showemptyhours          yes
default_calendar_reminderdays                7
default_calendar_reminderforglobal         yes
default_webdisk_dirnumitems                   10
default_webdisk_confirmmovecopy          yes
default_webdisk_confirmdel              yes
default_webdisk_confirmcompress          yes
default_webdisk_fileeditcolumns              96
default_webdisk_fileeditrows            24
3./var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/etc/defaults/dbm.conf[只需修改3处]，完整的内容如下：
#
# config file for dbm.pl
#
# dbm_ext
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# This is the extension name for the dbm file on your system
#
# ps: You can run 'perl openwebmail/misc/test/dbmtest.pl' to get value for this
# dbmopen_ext
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# This is the db extension passed to the dbmopen() call.
# It should be set to 'none' in most case. You need to set it to %dbm_ext%
# only if you use any DB File module in script explicitly
#
# ps: It is said this option needs to be set to '%dbm_ext%' on the Sun
#     Cobal server or Slackware 8.x.
#     You can run 'perl openwebmail/misc/test/dbmtest.pl' to get value for this
# dbmopen_haslock
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------
# If your perl dbm system will do filelock in dbmopen() by itself,
# set this option to 'yes' so openwebmail won't do unnecessary filelock
# before dbmopen. On most systems, this option should be set to 'no'.
#
# ps: If your openwebmail hangs after login or saving preference,
#     you probablely need to set this option to 'y, es'
dbm_ext                      .db
dbmopen_ext            .db
dbmopen_haslock            yes
smtpserver             192.168.0.111 //添加SMTP服务器的IP地址
ok,上面的文件修改完后，再运行./openwebmail-tool.pl –init执行初始化脚本
[root@AS3 openwebmail]#./openwebmail-tool.pl --init
有关openwebmail的配置就完成了
Step 3.修改APACHE的配置文件(httpd.conf)
[root@AS3 openwebmail]#vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
//添加如下语句
#===the start===
ScriptAlias /openwebmail "/var/www/cgi-bin/openwebmail/openwebmail.pl"
    AllowOverride None
    Options ExecCGI -Indexes
    Order allow,deny
    Allow from all
Alias /data "/var/www/data"
#===the end====
[root@AS3 openwebmail]#service httpd restart //重启apache
现在所以的工作都完成了，新建用户去测试吧
Step 4.进行OWM测试