数据库实现行列转换(mysql示例)

表名 :user
----------------------------------------
name    | course  | grade
----------------------------------------
zhangsan  | Java   | 70
----------------------------------------
zhangsan  | C++   | 80
----------------------------------------
lisi    | java   | 90
----------------------------------------
lisi    | C#    | 60
----------------------------------------

----------------------------------------
name   | java | C++ | C#
----------------------------------------
zhangsan | 70  | 80  | null
----------------------------------------
lisi   | 90  | null | 60
----------------------------------------

select  name,
sum(case when course='java' then grade end) as java,
sum(case when course='C++' then grade end) as C++,
sum(case when course='C#' then grade end) as C#
from test group by name

select distinct c.`name` AS name,
(select grade from test where name = c.`name` and course = 'java' )as java,
(select grade from test where name = c.`name` and course = 'C++' )as C++,
(select grade from test where name = c.`name` and course = 'C#' )as C#
from test c