PyQT实现多窗口切换

脚本专栏 2024/11/26 佚名

3 2 1

最近做个软件，用PyQT写的，在实现菜单栏点击弹出新窗口的时候严重被卡壳，发现用WxPython的思想和方式来做完全无法实现。PyQT的中文资料实在是太少了。看了点英文资料和QT的资料，逆推PyQT的实现方法，总算搞定。下面是一个小demo。

主界面的代码如下所示：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
from dialog1 import Dialog1 
from dialog2 import Dialog2 
import sys 
 
try: 
  _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
  def _fromUtf8(s): 
    return s 
 
try: 
  _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
   
class MainWindow(QtGui.QWidget):  
   
  dialog1_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
  dialog2_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
  exit_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal()     #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
   
  def __init__(self): 
    super(MainWindow,self).__init__() 
     
  def setupUi(self, Form): 
    Form.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Form")) 
    Form.resize(400, 300) 
    self.form = Form 
    self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
    self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 90, 75, 23)) 
    self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
    self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
    self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 90, 75, 23)) 
    self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2")) 
    self.pushButton_3 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
    self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 160, 75, 23)) 
    self.pushButton_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_3")) 
    self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Form) 
    self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 40, 54, 16)) 
    self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
 
    self.retranslateUi(Form) 
    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form) 
 
    #信号连接到指定槽 
    self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 
    self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_2_clicked) 
    self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_3_clicked) 
     
     
  def retranslateUi(self, Form): 
    Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form", None)) 
    self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog1", None)) 
    self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog2", None)) 
    self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Form", "退出", None)) 
    self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "主窗体", None)) 
     
  def on_pushButton_clicked(self): 
    self.form.hide() 
    Form1 = QtGui.QDialog() 
    ui = Dialog1() 
    ui.setupUi(Form1) 
    Form1.show() 
    Form1.exec_() 
    self.form.show() 
 
  def on_pushButton_3_clicked(self, Form): 
    #QtCore.QObject.connect( self.pushButton_3, QtCore.SIGNAL("clicked()"), self, QtCore.SLOT(quit())) 
    #也可以这样 
    self.form.close() 
     
  def on_pushButton_2_clicked(self): 
    self.form.close() 
    Form1 = QtGui.QDialog() 
    ui = Dialog2() 
    ui.setupUi(Form1) 
    Form1.show() 
    Form1.exec_() 
    self.form.show() 
 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
  app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
  Form = QtGui.QWidget() 
  window = MainWindow()  
  window.setupUi(Form) 
  Form.show()   
  sys.exit(app.exec_())  
   
  pass

Dialog1界面的代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
 
 
try: 
  _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
  def _fromUtf8(s): 
    return s 
 
try: 
  _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
  
class Dialog1(QtGui.QWidget): 
  def setupUi(self, Dialog): 
    Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog")) 
    Dialog.resize(400, 300) 
    self.form = Dialog 
    self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog) 
    self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 54, 12)) 
    self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
    self.dialog1_pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog) 
    self.dialog1_pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 130, 75, 23)) 
    self.dialog1_pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
 
    self.retranslateUi(Dialog) 
    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog) 
 
    #信号连接到指定槽 
    self.dialog1_pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked) 
     
  def retranslateUi(self, Dialog): 
    Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None)) 
    self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog1", None)) 
    self.dialog1_pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) 
 
  def on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked(self): 
    self.form.close() 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
  import sys 
  app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
  Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() 
  ui = Dialog1() 
  ui.setupUi(Dialog) 
  Dialog.show() 
  sys.exit(app.exec_()) 
   

Dialog2界面的代码如下：
[python] view plain copy
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
 
 
try: 
  _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
  def _fromUtf8(s): 
    return s 
 
try: 
  _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
  def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
    return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
  
class Dialog2(object): 
  def setupUi(self, Dialog): 
    Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog")) 
    Dialog.resize(400, 300) 
    self.form = Dialog 
    self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog) 
    self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 60, 54, 12)) 
    self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
    self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog) 
    self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 140, 75, 23)) 
    self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
 
    self.retranslateUi(Dialog) 
    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog) 
     
    #信号连接到指定槽 
    self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 
     
  def retranslateUi(self, Dialog): 
    Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None)) 
    self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog2", None)) 
    self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) 
     
  def on_pushButton_clicked(self): 
    self.form .close() 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
  import sys 
  app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
  Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() 
  ui = Dialog2() 
  ui.setupUi(Dialog) 
  Dialog.show() 
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

按钮绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，使用的槽连接方式为：

self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked)

如果是Menu项绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，则应使用的槽连接方式为：

QtCore.QObject.connect(self.set_value_menu, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), self.open_set_value_form)

二者使用的槽处理函数基本一致。
若不显示原界面，只需将原界面hide()即可，如：

self.form.hide()

若需在弹出新窗口时同时原窗口保持可见，则不需这一步。且在这种情况下，若要原窗口可选为顶层窗体，则在显示新窗口时应使用show()：

Form1.show()

若新窗口为固定的顶层窗体，原窗体被遮盖，则应使用exec_()：

Form1.exec_()

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。

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