Pyside2中嵌入Matplotlib的绘图的实现

import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
# from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg") # 声明使用QT5
 
 
class MyFigureCanvas(FigureCanvas):
  '''
  通过继承FigureCanvas类，使得该类既是一个PyQt5的Qwidget，又是一个matplotlib的FigureCanvas，这是连接pyqt5与matplotlib的关键
  '''
  def __init__(self, parent=None, width=10, height=5, xlim=(0, 2500), ylim=(-2, 2), dpi=100):
    # 创建一个Figure
    fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi, tight_layout=True) # tight_layout: 用于去除画图时两边的空白
 
    FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig) # 初始化父类
    self.setParent(parent)
 
    self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111) # 添加子图
    self.axes.spines['top'].set_visible(False) # 去掉绘图时上面的横线
    self.axes.spines['right'].set_visible(False) # 去掉绘图时右面的横线
    self.axes.set_xlim(xlim)
    self.axes.set_ylim(ylim)

# 初始化 gv_visual_data 的显示
self.gv_visual_data_content = MyFigureCanvas(width=self.ui.graphicsView.width() / 101,
                       height=self.ui.graphicsView.height() / 101,
                       xlim=(0, 2*np.pi),
                       ylim=(-1, 1)) # 实例化一个FigureCanvas

x = np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, np.pi / 100)
y = np.cos(x)
self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.plot(x, y)
self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.set_title('cos()')
# 加载的图形（FigureCanvas）不能直接放到graphicview控件中，必须先放到graphicScene，然后再把graphicscene放到graphicview中
self.graphic_scene = QGraphicsScene() # 创建一个QGraphicsScene
self.graphic_scene.addWidget(self.gv_visual_data_content) # 把图形放到QGraphicsScene中，注意：图形是作为一个QWidget放到放到QGraphicsScene中的
self.ui.graphicsView.setScene(self.graphic_scene) # 把QGraphicsScene放入QGraphicsView
self.ui.graphicsView.show() # 调用show方法呈现图形

self.ui.btn_sin.clicked.connect(self.plot_sin)

  def plot_sin(self):
    x = np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, np.pi / 100)
    y = np.sin(x)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.clear() # 由于图片需要反复绘制，所以每次绘制前清空，然后绘图
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.plot(x, y)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.set_title('sin()')
    self.gv_visual_data_content.draw() # 刷新画布显示图片，否则不刷新显示

from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QGraphicsScene, QFileDialog, QMessageBox
from UI.test import Ui_MainWindow
 
import sys
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
# from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
 
matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg") # 声明使用QT5
 
 
class MyFigureCanvas(FigureCanvas):
  '''
  通过继承FigureCanvas类，使得该类既是一个PyQt5的Qwidget，又是一个matplotlib的FigureCanvas，这是连接pyqt5与matplotlib的关键
  '''
  def __init__(self, parent=None, width=10, height=5, xlim=(0, 2500), ylim=(-2, 2), dpi=100):
    # 创建一个Figure
    fig = plt.Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi, tight_layout=True) # tight_layout: 用于去除画图时两边的空白
 
    FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig) # 初始化父类
    self.setParent(parent)
 
    self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111) # 调用figure下面的add_subplot方法，类似于matplotlib.pyplot下面的subplot方法
    self.axes.spines['top'].set_visible(False) # 去掉上面的横线
    self.axes.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
    self.axes.set_xlim(xlim)
    self.axes.set_ylim(ylim)
 
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
  def __init__(self):
    super().__init__()
    self.ui = Ui_MainWindow()
    self.ui.setupUi(self)
 
    # 初始化 gv_visual_data 的显示
    self.gv_visual_data_content = MyFigureCanvas(width=self.ui.graphicsView.width() / 101,
                           height=self.ui.graphicsView.height() / 101,
                           xlim=(0, 2*np.pi),
                           ylim=(-1, 1)) # 实例化一个FigureCanvas
    self.plot_cos()
 
    self.ui.btn_sin.clicked.connect(self.plot_sin)
 
  def plot_cos(self):
    x = np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, np.pi / 100)
    y = np.cos(x)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.plot(x, y)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.set_title('cos()')
    # 加载的图形（FigureCanvas）不能直接放到graphicview控件中，必须先放到graphicScene，然后再把graphicscene放到graphicview中
    self.graphic_scene = QGraphicsScene() # 创建一个QGraphicsScene
    self.graphic_scene.addWidget(self.gv_visual_data_content) # 把图形放到QGraphicsScene中，注意：图形是作为一个QWidget放到放到QGraphicsScene中的
    self.ui.graphicsView.setScene(self.graphic_scene) # 把QGraphicsScene放入QGraphicsView
    self.ui.graphicsView.show() # 调用show方法呈现图形
 
  def plot_sin(self):
    x = np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, np.pi / 100)
    y = np.sin(x)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.clear() # 由于图片需要反复绘制，所以每次绘制前清空，然后绘图
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.plot(x, y)
    self.gv_visual_data_content.axes.set_title('sin()')
    self.gv_visual_data_content.draw() # 刷新画布显示图片，否则不刷新显示
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
  app = QApplication(sys.argv)
  win = MainWindow()
  win.show()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())