巧用CSS属性值正则匹配选择器(小技巧)

[href] {padding-left: 18px;}
/* 链接地址 */
[href^="https"],
[href^="//"] {
    background: url("./images/link.png") no-repeat left;
}
/* 网页内锚链 */
[href^="#"] {
    background: url("./images/anchor.png") no-repeat left;
}
/* 手机和邮箱 */
[href^="tel:"] {
    background: url("./images/tel.png") no-repeat left;
}
[href^="mailto:"] {
    background: url("./images/e-mail.png") no-repeat left;
}

/* 指向PDF文件 */
[href$=".pdf"] {
    background: url("./images/pdf.png") no-repeat left;
}
/* 下载zip压缩文件 */
[href$=".zip"] {
    background: url("./images/zip.png") no-repeat left;
}
/* 图片链接 */
[href$=".png"],
[href$=".gif"],
[href$=".jpg"],
[href$=".jpeg"],
[href$=".webp"] {
    background: url("./images/image.png") no-repeat left;
}

<input type="search" id="input" placeholder="输入城市名称或拼音" />
<ul>
    <li data-search="重庆市 chongqing">重庆市</li>
    <li data-search="哈尔滨市 haerbin">哈尔滨市</li>
    <li data-search="长春市 changchun">长春市</li>
    <li data-search="长沙市 changsha">长沙市</li>
    <li data-search="上海市 shanghai">上海市</li>
    <li data-search="杭州市 hangzhou">杭州市</li>
</ul>

var eleStyle = document.createElement('style');
document.head.appendChild(eleStyle);
// 文本输入框
input.addEventListener('input', function() {
    var value = this.value.trim();
    eleStyle.innerHTML = value ? '[data-search]:not([data-search*="' + value +'"]) { display: none; } ' : '';
});