canvas裁剪clip()函数的具体使用

网页制作 2024/12/27 佚名

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在canvas中，可以使用clip()函数裁剪区域，设定裁剪区域后，只有在区域内的图像才能显示，其余部分会被屏蔽掉

未使用裁剪绘制一个圆

<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html lang="en">  
<head>  
    <meta charset="UTF-8">  
    <title></title>  
    <style>  
        *{margin:0; padding:0;}  
        html, body{width:100%; height:100%; overflow:hidden; background-color:#AFAFAF;}  
    </style>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <canvas id="canvas"></canvas>  
    <script>  
        var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'),  
            context = canvas.getContext('2d');  
        canvas.width = document.body.clientWidth;  
        canvas.height = document.body.clientHeight;  
        context.lineWidth = 3;  
        context.strokeStyle = 'red';  
        context.beginPath();  
        context.arc(200, 200, 100, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.stroke();  
        context.closePath();  
    </script>  
</body>  
</html>

效果

使用clip()裁剪区域

<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html lang="en">  
<head>  
    <meta charset="UTF-8">  
    <title></title>  
    <style>  
        *{margin:0; padding:0;}  
        html, body{width:100%; height:100%; overflow:hidden; background-color:#AFAFAF;}  
    </style>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <canvas id="canvas"></canvas>  
    <script>  
        var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'),  
            context = canvas.getContext('2d');  
        canvas.width = document.body.clientWidth;  
        canvas.height = document.body.clientHeight;  
        context.lineWidth = 3;  
        context.strokeStyle = 'red';  
        context.rect(0, 0, 200, 200);  
        context.clip();  
        context.beginPath();  
        context.arc(200, 200, 100, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.stroke();  
        context.closePath();  
    </script>  
</body>  
</html>

效果

也可以使用arc绘制圆形的剪裁区域

<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html lang="en">  
<head>  
    <meta charset="UTF-8">  
    <title></title>  
    <style>  
        *{margin:0; padding:0;}  
        html, body{width:100%; height:100%; overflow:hidden; background-color:#AFAFAF;}  
    </style>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <canvas id="canvas"></canvas>  
    <script>  
        var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'),  
            context = canvas.getContext('2d');  
        canvas.width = document.body.clientWidth;  
        canvas.height = document.body.clientHeight;  
        context.lineWidth = 3;  
        context.strokeStyle = 'red';  
        context.arc(100, 100, 150, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.clip();  
        context.beginPath();  
        context.arc(200, 200, 100, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.stroke();  
        context.closePath();  
    </script>  
</body>  
</html>

效果

使用save和restore实现只裁剪单个路径

<!DOCTYPE html>  
<html lang="en">  
<head>  
    <meta charset="UTF-8">  
    <title></title>  
    <style>  
        *{margin:0; padding:0;}  
        html, body{width:100%; height:100%; overflow:hidden; background-color:#AFAFAF;}  
    </style>  
</head>  
<body>  
    <canvas id="canvas"></canvas>  
    <script>  
        var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas'),  
            context = canvas.getContext('2d');  
        canvas.width = document.body.clientWidth;  
        canvas.height = document.body.clientHeight;  
        context.lineWidth = 3;  
        context.strokeStyle = 'red';  
        context.save();  
        context.rect(0, 0, 200, 200);  
        context.clip();  
        context.beginPath();  
        context.arc(200, 200, 100, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.stroke();  
        context.closePath();  
        context.restore();  
        context.beginPath();  
        context.arc(250, 250, 100, (Math.PI / 180) * 0, (Math.PI / 180) * 360, false);  
        context.stroke();  
        context.closePath();  
    </script>  
</body>  
</html>

效果