Linux命令 sort、uniq、tr工具详解

[root@1centos ~]# sort /etc/passwd
abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
apache:x:48:48:Apache:/usr/share/httpd:/sbin/nologin
avahi:x:70:70:Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/sbin/nologin
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:992:987::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
cockpit-ws:x:990:984:User for cockpit-ws:/:/sbin/nologin
colord:x:997:994:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
dirsrv:x:988:982:user for 389-ds-base:/usr/share/dirsrv:/sbin/nologin
dovecot:x:97:97:Dovecot IMAP server:/usr/libexec/dovecot:/sbin/nologin
dovenull:x:981:975:Dovecot's unauthorized user:/usr/libexec/dovecot:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin

[root@1centos ~]# sort -t: -rk 3 /etc/passwd
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
ods:x:999:999:softhsm private keys owner:/var/lib/softhsm:/sbin/nologin
polkitd:x:998:997:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
colord:x:997:994:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
unbound:x:996:993:Unbound DNS resolver:/etc/unbound:/sbin/nologin
gluster:x:995:992:GlusterFS daemons:/run/gluster:/sbin/nologin
libstoragemgmt:x:994:991:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/nologin
saslauth:x:993:76:Saslauthd user:/run/saslauthd:/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:992:987::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
geoclue:x:991:985:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
cockpit-ws:x:990:984:User for cockpit-ws:/:/sbin/nologin
sssd:x:989:983:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
dirsrv:x:988:982:user for 389-ds-base:/usr/share/dirsrv:/sbin/nologin
setroubleshoot:x:987:981::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
saned:x:986:980:SANE scanner daemon user:/usr/share/sane:/sbin/nologin
gnome-initial-setup:x:985:979::/run/gnome-initial-setup/:/sbin/nologin
pcp:x:984:978:Performance Co-Pilot:/var/lib/pcp:/sbin/nologin
kdcproxy:x:983:977:IPA KDC Proxy User:/:/sbin/nologin
ipaapi:x:982:976:IPA Framework User:/:/sbin/nologin
dovenull:x:981:975:Dovecot's unauthorized user:/usr/libexec/dovecot:/sbin/nologin
dovecot:x:97:97:Dovecot IMAP server:/usr/libexec/dovecot:/sbin/nologin
hsqldb:x:96:96::/var/lib/hsqldb:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologi
……省略……

[root@1centos ~]# sort -t: -k 3 /etc/passwd -o px.txt
[root@1centos ~]# cat px.txt 
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
xnftp:x:1007:1007::/home/xnftp:/sbin/nologin
vuser:x:1008:1008::/opt/vuser:/sbin/nologin
tom:x:1009:1009::/home/tom:/bin/bash
jerry:x:1010:1010::/home/jerry:/bin/bash
kongkong:x:1011:1011::/home/kongkong:/bin/bash
qemu:x:107:107:qemu user:/:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
usbmuxd:x:113:113:usbmuxd user:/:/sbin/nologin
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# cat the.txt 
1the 2the 3the
1the 2the 3the
1the 2the 3the
1the 2the 3the

1the 2the 3the
2the 2the 3the
3the 2the 3the 4the 5the
4hello hi the word world
5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# uniq the.txt
1the 2the 3the

1the 2the 3the
2the 2the 3the
3the 2the 3the 4the 5the
4hello hi the word world
5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# uniq -c the.txt 
   4 1the 2the 3the
   2 
   1 1the 2the 3the
   1 2the 2the 3the
   1 3the 2the 3the 4the 5the
   1 4hello hi the word world
   1 5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# uniq -d the.txt 
1the 2the 3the

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# echo "jb51" |tr 'a-z' 'A-Z'
JB51

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# echo 'Thisssssss is cdsnnn' |tr -s 'sn'
This is cdsn

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# echo 'this is csdn' |tr -d 'th'
is is csdn

#!/bin/bash
read -p "请输入你的数组，是空格隔开：" a
shuzu=($a)
echo "你的数组为：${shuzu[*]}"
echo "数组升序为："
echo "$a" |tr ' ' '\n' |sort -n |tr '\n' ' '
echo ''
echo "数组降序为："
echo "$a" |tr ' ' '\n' |sort -nr |tr '\n' ' '
echo " "

[root@1centos zhengzebiaodashi]# source paixu.sh 
请输入你的数组，是空格隔开：8 1 5 9 7
你的数组为：8 1 5 9 7
数组升序为：
1 5 7 8 9 
数组降序为：
9 8 7 5 1