浅析postgresql 数据库 TimescaleDB 修改分区时间范围

数据库 2024/12/27 佚名

3 2 1

今天遇到一个问题之前用TimescaleDB创建的超表是已7天为单位的由于7天的数据量过大影响查询效率需要把7天的分区改为一天一分区

创建超表 create_hypertable（）

1.创建普通版表

CREATE TABLE "超表名" (
 "collect_time" timestamp(6) NOT NULL,
 "code" varchar(36) COLLATE "pg_catalog"."default" NOT NULL,
 "value" numeric(14,4) NOT NULL,
 "create_time" timestamp(6) NOT NULL
)
;

2.改为超表 create_hypertable（）

SELECT create_hypertable('超表名', 'collect_time', chunk_time_interval => INTERVAL '7 day');

3.插入数据

INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2020-10-15 16:35:00', '22255220522', '23.4672', '2020-10-14 16:35:26.659');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2020-10-16 16:35:00', '26622569666', '0.1085', '2020-10-14 16:35:27.546');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2020-10-13 16:35:00', '525941155555', '25.0549', '2020-10-14 16:35:28.473');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2020-10-14 16:35:00', '744445411114', '0.0000', '2020-10-14 16:35:24.01');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2020-10-12 16:35:00', '774484457444', '0.0000', '2020-10-14 16:35:23.032');

查看分区，你会发现这些数据在2个分区内

修改分区 set_chunk_time_interval（）

一.查看分区情况

1.查看_timescaledb_catalog.dimension 表

SELECT * FROM "_timescaledb_catalog"."dimension"

interval_length上显示 604800000000 （TIMESTAMP类型）意思是一周
2.查看分区块状态
查看 dimension_slice 表

转换时间戳
1602720000000000 2020-10-15 08:00:00
1603324800000000 2020-10-22 08:00:00
这里可以看到分区是7天的

二.修改分区时间 set_chunk_time_interval（）

1.修改分区时间

SELECT set_chunk_time_interval('超表名', interval '24 hours');

2.插入数据验证

INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-14 16:35:00', '375222D001', '27.7932', '2020-10-14 16:35:15.011');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-15 16:35:00', '3715044111', '0.0000', '2020-10-14 16:35:20.389');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-16 16:35:00', '202Q0019QT001', '0.3663', '2020-10-14 16:35:19.087');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-17 16:35:00', '3702000284441', '22.2946', '2020-10-14 16:35:15.035');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-18 16:35:00', '37075225555501', '0.3022', '2020-10-14 16:35:24.041');
INSERT INTO 超表名("collect_time", "code", "value", "create_time") VALUES ('2021-1-19 16:35:00', '25555222206001', '0.0000', '2020-10-14 16:35:23.956');