Postgresql 数据库权限功能的使用总结

CREATE ROLE guest LOGIN
 NOSUPERUSER INHERIT NOCREATEDB NOCREATEROLE NOREPLICATION;

CREATE ROLE "group"
 NOSUPERUSER INHERIT NOCREATEDB NOCREATEROLE NOREPLICATION;

GRANT "group" TO guest;

GRANT INSERT ON TABLE class TO "group";

Server [localhost]:
Database [postgres]:
Port [5433]:
Username [postgres]: guest
用户 guest 的口令：
psql (9.4.5)
输入 "help" 来获取帮助信息.
postgres=> \c TEST
您现在已经连线到数据库 "TEST",用户 "guest".
TEST=> select * from class;
ERROR: permission denied for relation class
TEST=> insert into class values(2,'class1');
INSERT 0 1

TEST=> \c postgres postgres;
您现在已经连线到数据库 "postgres",用户 "postgres".
postgres=# \c TEST;
您现在已经连线到数据库 "TEST",用户 "postgres".
TEST=# grant select(num) on class to "group";
GRANT
TEST=# \echo 切换到postgres用户连接TEST数据库，对class表的num字段的select权限赋予group角色
切换到postgres用户连接TEST数据库，对class表的num字段的select权限赋予group角色
TEST=# \c TEST guest
用户 guest 的口令：
您现在已经连线到数据库 "TEST",用户 "guest".
TEST=> \echo 切换回guest用户登录TEST数据库
切换回guest用户登录TEST数据库
TEST=> select * from class;
ERROR: permission denied for relation class
TEST=> select num from class;
 num
-----
  1
  2
(2 行记录)

highgo=#\du
               List of roles
 Role name |          Attributes          | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------+-----------
 a     |                        | {}
 highgo  | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication | {}

highgo=#select current_user;
 current_user
--------------
 highgo
(1row)

highgo=#\l
               List of databases
  Name  | Owner | Encoding | Collate |  Ctype  | Access privileges
-----------+--------+----------+------------+------------+-------------------
 highgo  | highgo | UTF8   | zh_CN.utf8 |zh_CN.utf8 |
 template0 | highgo | UTF8   | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | =c/highgo    +
      |    |     |      |      | highgo=CTc/highgo
 template1 | highgo | UTF8   | zh_CN.utf8 | zh_CN.utf8 | =c/highgo    +
      |    |     |      |      | highgo=CTc/highgo
(3rows)

highgo=#\c highgo a
Youare now connected to database "highgo" as user "a".
highgo=>select current_user;
 current_user
--------------
 a
(1row)
（5）使用超级用户highgo连接数据库正常
highgo=>\c highgo highgo
Youare now connected to database "highgo" as user "highgo".
highgo=#select current_user;
 current_user
--------------
 highgo
(1row)

highgo=#alter role a nologin;
ALTER ROLE
highgo=#\c highgo a
致命错误: 不允许角色"a" 进行登录
Previousconnection kept
highgo=#

highgo=#alter role a superuser;
ALTERROLE
highgo=#\du
               List of roles
 Role name |          Attributes          | Member of
-----------+------------------------------------------------+-----------
 a    | Superuser, Cannot login            | {}
 highgo  | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication | {}
 
highgo=#\c highgo a
致命错误: 不允许角色"a" 进行登录
Previousconnection kept

highgo=#alter role a login;
ALTERROLE
highgo=#\c highgo a
Youare now connected to database "highgo" as user "a".
highgo=#select current_user;
 current_user
--------------
 a
(1row)