Python爬虫实例_城市公交网络站点数据的爬取方法

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests ##导入requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup ##导入bs4中的BeautifulSoup
import os
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0'}
all_url = 'http://beijing.8684.cn' ##开始的URL地址
start_html = requests.get(all_url, headers=headers) 
#print (start_html.text)
Soup = BeautifulSoup(start_html.text, 'lxml') # 以lxml的方式解析html文档

all_a = Soup.find(‘div',class_='bus_kt_r1').find_all(‘a')

href = a['href'] #取出a标签的href 属性
html = all_url + href
second_html = requests.get(html,headers=headers)
#print (second_html.text)
Soup2 = BeautifulSoup(second_html.text, 'lxml') 
all_a2 = Soup2.find('div',class_='cc_content').find_all('div')[-1].find_all('a') # 既有id又有class的div不知道为啥取不出来，只好迂回取了

title1 = a2.get_text() #取出a1标签的文本
href1 = a2['href'] #取出a标签的href 属性
#print (title1,href1)
html_bus = all_url + href1 # 构建线路站点url
thrid_html = requests.get(html_bus,headers=headers)
Soup3 = BeautifulSoup(thrid_html.text, 'lxml') 
bus_name = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_i_t1').find('h1').get_text() # 提取线路名
bus_type = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_i_t1').find('a').get_text() # 提取线路属性
bus_time = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[0].get_text() # 运行时间
bus_cost = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[1].get_text() # 票价
bus_company = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[2].find('a').get_text() # 公交公司
bus_update = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[3].get_text() # 更新时间
bus_label = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_label')
if bus_label:
 bus_length = bus_label.get_text() # 线路里程
else:
 bus_length = []
#print (bus_name,bus_type,bus_time,bus_cost,bus_company,bus_update)
all_line = Soup3.find_all('div',class_='bus_line_top') # 线路简介
all_site = Soup3.find_all('div',class_='bus_line_site')# 公交站点
line_x = all_line[0].find('div',class_='bus_line_txt').get_text()[:-9]+all_line[0].find_all('span')[-1].get_text()
sites_x = all_site[0].find_all('a')
sites_x_list = [] # 上行线路站点
for site_x in sites_x:
 sites_x_list.append(site_x.get_text())
line_num = len(all_line)
if line_num==2: # 如果存在环线，也返回两个list，只是其中一个为空
 line_y = all_line[1].find('div',class_='bus_line_txt').get_text()[:-9]+all_line[1].find_all('span')[-1].get_text()
 sites_y = all_site[1].find_all('a')
 sites_y_list = [] # 下行线路站点
 for site_y in sites_y:
 sites_y_list.append(site_y.get_text())
else:
 line_y,sites_y_list=[],[]
information = [bus_name,bus_type,bus_time,bus_cost,bus_company,bus_update,bus_length,line_x,sites_x_list,line_y,sites_y_list]

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Python3.5
import requests ##导入requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup ##导入bs4中的BeautifulSoup
import os
headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/49.0.2623.221 Safari/537.36 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0'}
all_url = 'http://beijing.8684.cn' ##开始的URL地址
start_html = requests.get(all_url, headers=headers) 
#print (start_html.text)
Soup = BeautifulSoup(start_html.text, 'lxml')
all_a = Soup.find('div',class_='bus_kt_r1').find_all('a')
Network_list = []
for a in all_a:
 href = a['href'] #取出a标签的href 属性
 html = all_url + href
 second_html = requests.get(html,headers=headers)
 #print (second_html.text)
 Soup2 = BeautifulSoup(second_html.text, 'lxml') 
 all_a2 = Soup2.find('div',class_='cc_content').find_all('div')[-1].find_all('a') # 既有id又有class的div不知道为啥取不出来，只好迂回取了
 for a2 in all_a2:
 title1 = a2.get_text() #取出a1标签的文本
 href1 = a2['href'] #取出a标签的href 属性
 #print (title1,href1)
 html_bus = all_url + href1
 thrid_html = requests.get(html_bus,headers=headers)
 Soup3 = BeautifulSoup(thrid_html.text, 'lxml') 
 bus_name = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_i_t1').find('h1').get_text()
 bus_type = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_i_t1').find('a').get_text()
 bus_time = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[0].get_text()
 bus_cost = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[1].get_text()
 bus_company = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[2].find('a').get_text()
 bus_update = Soup3.find_all('p',class_='bus_i_t4')[3].get_text()
 bus_label = Soup3.find('div',class_='bus_label')
 if bus_label:
  bus_length = bus_label.get_text()
 else:
  bus_length = []
 #print (bus_name,bus_type,bus_time,bus_cost,bus_company,bus_update)
 all_line = Soup3.find_all('div',class_='bus_line_top')
 all_site = Soup3.find_all('div',class_='bus_line_site')
 line_x = all_line[0].find('div',class_='bus_line_txt').get_text()[:-9]+all_line[0].find_all('span')[-1].get_text()
 sites_x = all_site[0].find_all('a')
 sites_x_list = []
 for site_x in sites_x:
  sites_x_list.append(site_x.get_text())
 line_num = len(all_line)
 if line_num==2: # 如果存在环线，也返回两个list，只是其中一个为空
  line_y = all_line[1].find('div',class_='bus_line_txt').get_text()[:-9]+all_line[1].find_all('span')[-1].get_text()
  sites_y = all_site[1].find_all('a')
  sites_y_list = []
  for site_y in sites_y:
  sites_y_list.append(site_y.get_text())
 else:
  line_y,sites_y_list=[],[]
 information = [bus_name,bus_type,bus_time,bus_cost,bus_company,bus_update,bus_length,line_x,sites_x_list,line_y,sites_y_list]
 Network_list.append(information)
# 定义保存函数，将运算结果保存为txt文件
def text_save(content,filename,mode='a'):
 # Try to save a list variable in txt file.
 file = open(filename,mode)
 for i in range(len(content)):
 file.write(str(content[i])+'\n')
 file.close()
# 输出处理后的数据 
text_save(Network_list,'Network_bus.txt');