python爬虫租房信息在地图上显示的方法

脚本专栏 2024/11/26 佚名

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本人初学python是菜鸟级，写的不好勿喷。

python爬虫用了比较简单的urllib.parse和requests，把爬来的数据显示在地图上。接下里我们话不多说直接上代码:

1.安装python环境和编辑器（自行度娘）

2.本人以58品牌公寓为例，爬取在杭州地区价格在2000-4000的公寓。

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urllib.parse import urljoin
import requests
import csv
import time

以上是需要引入的模块

url = "http://hz.58.com/pinpaigongyu/pn/{page}/"
#已完成的页数序号，初时为0
page = 0

以上的全局变量

csv_file = open(r"c:\users\****\Desktop\houoseNew.csv","a+",newline='')
csv_writer = csv.writer(csv_file, delimiter=',')

自定义某个位置来保存爬取得数据，本人把爬取得数据保存为csv格式便于编辑（其中”a+”表示可以多次累加编辑在后面插入数据，建议不要使用“wb”哦！newline=”表示没有隔行）

while True:
  #为了防止网站屏蔽ip，设置了时间定时器每隔5秒爬一下。打完一局农药差不多都爬取过来了。
  time.sleep(5)
  page +=1
  #替换URL中page变量
  print (url.format(page=page)+"ok")
  response = requests.get(url.format(page=page))
  html=BeautifulSoup(response.text)
  #寻找html中DOM节点li
  house_list = html.select(".list > li")

  # 循环在读不到新的房源时结束
  if not house_list:
    break

  for house in house_list:
    #根据hml的DOM节点获取自己需要的数据
    house_title = house.select("h2")[0].string
    house_url = urljoin(url, house.select("a")[0]["href"])
    house_pic = urljoin(url, house.select("img")[0]["lazy_src"])
    house_info_list = house_title.split()

    # 如果第一列是公寓名 则取第二列作为地址
    if "公寓" in house_info_list[0] or "青年社区" in house_info_list[0]:
      house_location = house_info_list[0]
    else:
      house_location = house_info_list[1]

    house_money = house.select(".money")[0].select("b")[0].string
    csv_writer.writerow([house_title, house_location, house_money,house_pic ,house_url])
 #最后不要忘记关闭节流
 csv_file.close()

如果网站屏蔽了你的ip，你可以做一个ip地址数组放在http的头部具体度娘一下吧。

接下来我们写html

只是简单的写了一下写的不好见谅。用的是高德地图，具体的js api可以到高德开发者上去看。

<body>
<div id="container"></div>
<div class="control-panel">
  <div class="control-entry">
    <label>选择工作地点：</label>
    <div class="control-input">
      <input id="work-location" type="text">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="control-entry">
    <label>选择通勤方式：</label>
    <div class="control-input">
      <input type="radio" name="vehicle" value="SUBWAY,BUS" onClick="takeBus(this)" checked/> 公交+地铁
      <input type="radio" name="vehicle" value="SUBWAY" onClick="takeSubway(this)"/> 地铁
      <input type="radio" name="vehicle" value="WALK" onClick="takeWalk(this)"/> 走路
      <input type="radio" name="vehicle" value="BIKE" onClick="takeBike(this)"/> 骑车
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="control-entry">
    <label>导入房源文件：</label>
    <div class="control-input">
      <input type="file" name="file" id="fileCsv"/>
      <button style="margin-top: 10px;width: 50%;" onclick="changeCsv()">开始</button>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
<div id="transfer-panel"></div>
<script>
  var map = new AMap.Map("container", {
    resizeEnable: true,
    zoomEnable: true,
    center: [120.1256856402492, 30.27289264553506],
    zoom: 12
  });

  //添加标尺
  var scale = new AMap.Scale();
  map.addControl(scale);

  //公交到达圈对象
  var arrivalRange = new AMap.ArrivalRange();
  //经度，纬度，时间（用不到），通勤方式（默认是地铁＋公交+走路+骑车）
  var x, y, t, vehicle = "SUBWAY,BUS";
  //工作地点，工作标记
  var workAddress, workMarker;
  //房源标记队列
  var rentMarkerArray = [];
  //多边形队列，存储公交到达的计算结果
  var polygonArray = [];
  //路径规划
  var amapTransfer;

  //信息窗体对象
  var infoWindow = new AMap.InfoWindow({
    offset: new AMap.Pixel(0, -30)
  });

  //地址补完的使用
  var auto = new AMap.Autocomplete({
    //通过id指定输入元素
    input: "work-location"
  });
  //添加事件监听，在选择补完的地址后调用workLocationSelected
  AMap.event.addListener(auto, "select", workLocationSelected);


  function takeBus(radio) {
    vehicle = radio.value;
    loadWorkLocation()
  }

  function takeSubway(radio) {
    vehicle = radio.value;
    loadWorkLocation()
  }
  function takeWalk(radio){
    vehicle = radio.value;
    loadWorkLocation()
  }
  function takeBike(radio) {
    vehicle = radio.value;
    loadWorkLocation()
  }
  //获取加载的文件
  function changeCsv() {
    $("#fileCsv").csv2arr(function (res) {
      $.each(res, function (k, p) {
        if (res[k][1]) {
          //addMarkerByAddress(地址，价格，展示的图片)
          addMarkerByAddress(res[k][1], res[k][2],res[k][3])
        }
      })
    });
  }

  function workLocationSelected(e) {
    workAddress = e.poi.name;
    loadWorkLocation();
  }

  function loadWorkMarker(x, y, locationName) {
    workMarker = new AMap.Marker({
      map: map,
      title: locationName,
      icon: 'http://webapi.amap.com/theme/v1.3/markers/n/mark_r.png',
      position: [x, y]

    });
  }


  function loadWorkRange(x, y, t, color, v) {
    arrivalRange.search([x, y], t, function (status, result) {
      if (result.bounds) {
        for (var i = 0; i < result.bounds.length; i++) {
          //新建多边形对象
          var polygon = new AMap.Polygon({
            map: map,
            fillColor: color,
            fillOpacity: "0.4",
            strokeColor: color,
            strokeOpacity: "0.8",
            strokeWeight: 1
          });
          //得到到达圈的多边形路径
          polygon.setPath(result.bounds[i]);
          polygonArray.push(polygon);
        }
      }
    }, {
      policy: v
    });
  }

  function addMarkerByAddress(address, money,imgUrl) {
    var geocoder = new AMap.Geocoder({
      city: "杭州",
      radius: 1000
    });
    geocoder.getLocation(address, function (status, result) {
      var iconValue = "";
      var _money=money;
      if (money.indexOf("-") > -1) {
        _money = money.split("-")[1];
      }
      //如果价格高于3000元/月在地图上显示红色，低于的话显示蓝色
      if (parseFloat(_money) > 3000) {
        iconValue="http://webapi.amap.com/theme/v1.3/markers/n/mark_r.png";
      }else{
        iconValue = "http://webapi.amap.com/theme/v1.3/markers/n/mark_b.png";
      }
      if (status === "complete" && result.info === 'OK') {
        var geocode = result.geocodes[0];
        rentMarker = new AMap.Marker({
          map: map,
          title: address,
          icon:iconValue,
          animation:"AMAP_ANIMATION_DROP",
          position: [geocode.location.getLng(), geocode.location.getLat()]
        })
        ;
        rentMarkerArray.push(rentMarker);
        //鼠标点击标记显示相应的内容
        rentMarker.content = "<img src='"+imgUrl+"'/><div>房源：<a target = '_blank' href='http://bj.58.com/pinpaigongyu/" + address + "'>" + address + "</a><p>价格:"+money+"</p><div>"
        rentMarker.on('click', function (e) {
          infoWindow.setContent(e.target.content);
          infoWindow.open(map, e.target.getPosition());
          if (amapTransfer) amapTransfer.clear();
          amapTransfer = new AMap.Transfer({
            map: map,
            policy: AMap.TransferPolicy.LEAST_TIME,
            city: "杭州市",
            panel: 'transfer-panel'
          });
          amapTransfer.search([{
            keyword: workAddress
          }, {
            keyword: address
          }], function (status, result) {
          })
        });
      }
    })
  }

  function delWorkLocation() {
    if (polygonArray) map.remove(polygonArray);
    if (workMarker) map.remove(workMarker);
    polygonArray = [];
  }

  function delRentLocation() {
    if (rentMarkerArray) map.remove(rentMarkerArray);
    rentMarkerArray = [];
  }

  function loadWorkLocation() {
    //首先清空地图上已有的到达圈
    delWorkLocation();
    var geocoder = new AMap.Geocoder({
      city: "杭州",
      radius: 1000
    });

    geocoder.getLocation(workAddress, function (status, result) {
      if (status === "complete" && result.info === 'OK') {
        var geocode = result.geocodes[0];
        x = geocode.location.getLng();
        y = geocode.location.getLat();
        //加载工作地点标记
        loadWorkMarker(x, y);
        //加载60分钟内工作地点到达圈
        loadWorkRange(x, y, 60, "#3f67a5", vehicle);
        //地图移动到工作地点的位置
        map.setZoomAndCenter(12, [x, y]);
      }
    })
  }
</script>
</body>

想要获取完整的代码github：https://github.com/DIVIBEAR/pythonDemo.git
新手上路，老司机们勿喷！